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Sub-Saharan African countries account for around one-third of the overall, followed by Latin America and the Middle East (the latter 2 together accounting for over 40% of the overall). Including, there has been an (from 90.3 in 2000-04 to 92.6 and 92.3 in the five years pre- and post-pandemic ).

and ranked higher than others; UAE is up more than 45 locations in 2024 compared to 2000 while Qatar climbed up 24; both Saudi Arabia and Oman rose 17 ranks throughout the duration. The caught or even worse off countries are some parts of Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa where structural improvement has stalled.
Why Foreign Capital Is Flocking to the GCCshows a substantial increase in average EDI scores from 86.8 in 2000-04 to 92.6 in 2020-24, (up more than 10 points in the preliminary period versus 2020-24). with UAE outshining in the trade sub-index (supported by recent bilateral trade agreements & non-oil exports push). vs its pre-pandemic reading (partially given the surge in medium & state-of-the-art manufacturing information).

Its diversity metrics have actually stagnated, showing the least improvement between the initial (2000-04) and last (2020-24) recommendation periods., regardless of the headwinds of OPEC+ production cuts. A robust non-hydrocarbon growth was supported by the GCC's robust domestic need (supported by a strong task pipeline and application) and strong services sector performance.
Kuwait and Saudi Arabia clocked in a boost in non-hydrocarbon earnings, "primarily showing non-hydrocarbon tax base expansions and revenue collection performance improvements", according to the IMF. In the current geopolitical environment characterized by heightening, it is in the finest interests of commodity reliant countries to diversify its export base, exports and trade partners.
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